Abstract:
This paper presents the design and implementation of an automatic irrigation system utilizing
a DC pump to address the need for efficient water management in agricultural practices. The
system aims to optimize water usage while minimizing costs, making it suitable for small to
medium-scale farming operations. The design incorporates sensors to measure soil moisture levels
and a microcontroller-based control unit to regulate irrigation cycles based on predefined
thresholds. A low-cost DC pump is employed for water delivery, ensuring affordability without
compromising performance. The system's effectiveness is evaluated through field trials,
demonstrating its ability to maintain optimal soil moisture levels and enhance crop yield while
minimizing water consumption. Overall, this research contributes to the development of
sustainable irrigation solutions accessible to farmers with limited resources.
