ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANTS OF MAIZE POST-HARVEST LOSSES IN RWANDA.

Abstract

The economic analysis of determinants of maize post-harvest losses in Rwanda is a critical investigation that seeks to understand and assess the various factors influencing the extent of post-harvest losses in the maize sector of the Rwandan agricultural industry. This study aims to examine the drivers and root causes behind the losses incurred after maize harvest, shedding light on the intricate web of factors that impact this crucial aspect of food security and economic stability. Rwanda, like many other developing nations, faces significant challenges related to post-harvest losses in its maize production. These losses not only threaten the livelihoods of farmers but also have far-reaching implications on food availability and affordability for the broader population. To address this issue effectively, it is imperative to conduct an economic analysis that delves into the key determinants, cost implications, and potential solutions associated with maize post-harvest losses. This study will explore factors such as storage methods, transportation infrastructure, market access, pest management, and socio-economic factors that contribute to maize post-harvest losses. The main objective of the study was to conduct an economic analysis of the determinants of Post-Harvest Losses of Maize in Rwanda. It involved six maize-growing cooperatives across four sectors, with a sample of 207 respondents selected using a combination of probabilistic and purposive sampling techniques. Data was collected through structured questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions, and desk reviews. The research adopted a quantitative approach, utilizing descriptive statistical techniques like percentages and frequencies, along with inferential statistics like multiple linear regressions to analyse the data. The primary findings of the study highlighted that the duration maize is stored before selling significantly impacts post-harvest economic losses for small scale maize producers in Nyagatare District. Secondary factors included materials used in harvesting and transportation, the mode of transport, equipment for maize drying and shelling, and materials used in maize storage. Additionally, farmer knowledge played a crucial role, with results from multiple linear regressions showing that knowledge about maize quality parameters and transportation significantly affected post-harvest economic losses. The study therefore concluded that poor Post harvest losses is the only root cause that may undergo to economic failure for smallholder farmers in Nyagatare district of Rwanda. It is therefore recommended that there is a need of decentralized capacity-building efforts related to transportation equipment and mobile maize dryers to reduce moisture levels before storage.