Abstract:
The design and implementation of a 3-phase motor using a single-phase power supply with
the aid of a capacitor addresses a key challenge in electrical motor systems, particularly in
areas where 3-phase power is unavailable or impractical. 3-phase motors are known for
their efficiency, reliability, and smooth operation, which makes them ideal for industrial
applications. However, many environments only provide single-phase power, necessitating
conversion techniques to operate these motors effectively.
This project explores the development of a phase conversion method using a start and run
capacitor to create the required phase shift that allows a 3-phase motor to run on a single-
phase power source. Capacitors are used to generate an artificial phase, thereby creating
a pseudo-3-phase system. The design focuses on the optimal selection of capacitors to
ensure the balance between phases, improve motor efficiency, and reduce vibration and
noise. This approach is both cost-effective and practical for small to medium-scale motor
applications.
The implementation involved the detailed analysis of the motor's electrical requirements,
the calculation of capacitance values necessary to achieve proper phase shifting, and the
design of the connection circuitry. Testing and performance evaluation showed that while
the 3-phase motor operating with a single-phase input through a capacitor arrangement
does not achieve the full performance of a true 3-phase power system, it is still adequate
for many applications where high power or precision control is not critical.
This system provides a practical and affordable solution for running 3-phase motors in
environments constrained by single-phase power supplies, making it a viable option for
industries and small businesses like development country as Rwanda.
