Abstract:
A method called DNA profiling, which was created in the 1980s, makes it possible to identify
people by their distinct genetic composition. Its use in forensic science has significantly
improved the precision and dependability of criminal investigations. DNA evidence plays a
crucial role in identifying unidentified victims, verifying or ruling out possible criminals, and
connecting suspects to crime scenes.
DNA evidence helps law enforcement by reducing the number of potential suspects and
providing more precise direction for investigations. Crime scene DNA may now be compared to
suspect profiles, greatly increasing the efficacy and efficiency of criminal investigations.
Additionally, the range of situations in which DNA evidence can be used has increased due to
developments in DNA technology, including low-template and touch DNA analysis. When it
comes to the prosecution, DNA evidence is an essential part of proving a person guilty or not.
Because DNA profiling is so reliable, it can produce strong evidence in court, which frequently
results in convictions in situations when other evidence could be equivocal. But there are
drawbacks to using DNA evidence as well, such as problems with contamination, custody chains,
and interpreting contaminated or damaged DNA samples. In addition, the increasing utilization
of DNA databases has improved the capacity to resolve unsolved cases and avoid erroneous
convictions. However, privacy and ethical issues about the gathering, storing, and use of genetic
data continue to exist, requiring constant discussion and legislation to strike a balance between
the advantages of DNA evidence and individual rights.
DNA evidence has changed the environment of criminal justice, providing unmatched precision
and dependability in probes and cases. Although there are many benefits, maintaining the
integrity of the legal system and safeguarding the rights of all parties concerned requires ongoing
improvements and cautious handling of the problems that arise.
