Abstract:
Lightning is a natural atmospheric phenomenon that occurs during thunderstorms, resulting from the
discharge of electricity between clouds or between a cloud and the ground. It can produce immense
energy, generating voltages of up to 100 million volts, which can cause catastrophic damage to
structures, electrical systems, and pose severe risks to human safety. In regions like Rwanda, where
thunderstorms are established, the potential for lightning strikes is a pressing concern for educational,
particularly those with growing infrastructures such as Kigali Independent University (ULK). The
increasing frequency of these storms underscores the need for effective lightning protection systems
(LPS) to safeguard both facilities and occupants. Many buildings at ULK lacked suitable protection
against lightning, which led to disruptions in electrical systems, damage to equipment, and potential
hazards for students and staff. To address these challenges, a comprehensive design and
implementation plan for a lightning protection system was developed. This solution involved
installing air terminals on significant structures to intercept lightning strikes, connecting them to
down conductors that safely direct lightning energy into a well-designed grounding system. Surge
protection devices (SPDs) were also integrated to protect sensitive electronic equipment within
classrooms and administrative offices. The implementation process included thorough risk
assessments to identify vulnerable areas, strategically positioning air terminals throughout the
campus, and ensuring that all terminals were connected to down conductors for low-resistance
grounding. Regular maintenance and inspections were planned to guarantee the system's ongoing
functionality. The successful implementation of the lightning protection system at ULK has resulted
in substantial benefits for the university community, enhancing safety and reducing the risk of
lightning-related incidents, while also raising awareness about the importance of lightning safety and
disaster preparedness in educational settings. This initiative serves as a valuable model for other
schools and universities in Rwanda and beyond.
